Yue et al. (2025) The Unevenness of Warm‐Season Precipitation Over the Steep Terrain in North China and Its Related Environmental Conditions

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Identification

• Journal: International Journal of Climatology
• Year: 2025
• Date: 2025-10-08
• Authors: Xiaoyuan Yue, Jian Li, Yin Zhao
• DOI: 10.1002/joc.70128

Research Groups

Not specified in abstract.

Short Summary

This study investigates the underlying mechanisms governing the spatial unevenness of precipitation over complex terrains in North China, identifying distinct environmental conditions and fine-scale characteristics for strongly uneven (terrain-influenced, convective) versus weakly uneven (synoptic-driven, widespread) precipitation events.

Objective

• To investigate the environmental conditions and fine-scale characteristics of precipitation events with different spatial unevenness over the steep terrains in North China.

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: Regional scale, focusing on steep terrains, mountains, and plains across North China.
• Temporal Scale: Event-based analysis, with a focus on diurnal cycles (afternoon, early morning peaks).

Methodology and Data

• Models used: Not specified in abstract.
• Data sources: Not specified in abstract, but implies analysis of precipitation events and associated atmospheric conditions.

Main Results

• Strongly uneven precipitation events are associated with unstable atmospheric stratification, high convective available potential energy (CAPE), cold-top–warm-bottom temperature anomalies, and wet-bottom–dry-top humidity anomalies. These events cluster along mountains and predominantly occur in the afternoon, coinciding with diurnal peaks in both precipitation frequency and intensity.
• Weakly uneven precipitation events are mainly driven by synoptic-scale forcing, characterized by lower-tropospheric convergence, upper-tropospheric divergence, strong large-scale upward motion, warm anomalies in the upper troposphere, and abundant moisture transported by anomalous low-level southerly winds. These events spread extensively across North China, with maximum precipitation amount occurring at the foot of mountains. For this type, precipitation amount and frequency peak in the early morning, whereas intensity peaks in the afternoon.

Contributions

• Advances the understanding of precipitation unevenness mechanisms in complex terrains.
• Provides a scientific basis for improving flood forecasting and water resource management in complex terrains.

Funding

Not specified in abstract.

Citation

@article{Yue2025Unevenness,
  author = {Yue, Xiaoyuan and Li, Jian and Zhao, Yin},
  title = {The Unevenness of Warm‐Season Precipitation Over the Steep Terrain in North China and Its Related Environmental Conditions},
  journal = {International Journal of Climatology},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1002/joc.70128},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.70128}
}