Keel et al. (2025) Representing the Teleconnection Between the Jet Stream and Extreme Cold Air Outbreaks Over North America

⚠️ Warning: This summary was generated from the abstract only, as the full text was not available.

Identification

• Journal: Geophysical Research Letters
• Year: 2025
• Date: 2025-09-19
• Authors: C. M. Brierley, Gabriele Messori, Rachel H. White
• DOI: 10.1029/2025gl116984

Research Groups

This study investigates extreme cold air outbreaks over North America by examining the North Pacific jet stream using a jet-core algorithm, demonstrating that this method clarifies short-term zonal relationships between atmospheric circulation and extreme weather more effectively than traditional geopotential techniques.

Objective

• To examine extreme cold air outbreaks over three regions of North America, influenced by the North Pacific jet.
• To provide evidence that representing the jet stream using a jet-core algorithm contributes new information for understanding links between the North Pacific jet and climate patterns.

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: North America (three specific regions), North Pacific jet.
• Temporal Scale: Short-term fluctuations.

Methodology and Data

• Models used:
• Data sources:
• Techniques: Jet-core algorithm (a method for extracting the 3-dimensional coordinates of fast-flowing wind) was used and compared against geopotential (a more common technique).

Main Results

• Zonal relationships between atmospheric circulation and extreme weather appear more clearly in short-term fluctuations when using methods that explicitly extract the jet stream (e.g., the jet-core algorithm) compared to using geopotential.
• Spatial relationships between the jet stream and extreme conditions over North America are difficult to examine using only simple indices of climate patterns or jet characteristics.

Contributions

• Provides evidence that a jet-core algorithm can contribute new information for understanding links between the North Pacific jet and climate patterns.
• Demonstrates that explicit jet stream extraction methods (like the jet-core algorithm) offer clearer insights into short-term zonal relationships between atmospheric circulation and extreme weather compared to geopotential.

Funding

Citation

@article{Keel2025Representing,
  author = {Keel, Tom and Brierley, C. M. and Messori, Gabriele and White, Rachel H.},
  title = {Representing the Teleconnection Between the Jet Stream and Extreme Cold Air Outbreaks Over North America},
  journal = {Geophysical Research Letters},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.1029/2025gl116984},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2025gl116984}
}