Touhami et al. (2025) Development of a fuzzy logic-based greenhouse system for optimizing bio-fertigation

Identification

• Journal: International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems/International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
• Year: 2025
• Date: 2025-09-09
• Authors: Achouak Touhami, Amina Bourouis, Amel Mahammedi, Sana Mechraoui, Touhami Sana
• DOI: 10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4555-4568

Research Groups

• Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Ali Kafi University Center, Tindouf, Algeria
• Laboratory of Environmental and Energy Systems (LSEE), Ali Kafi University Center, Tindouf, Algeria
• Laboratory of Innovations in Informatics and Engineering (INIE), Tahri Mohamed University, Bechar, Algeria
• Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Tahri Mohamed University, Bechar, Algeria

Short Summary

This study developed a fuzzy logic-based algorithm to optimize bio-fertigation in a greenhouse by managing temperature, humidity, soil pH, and soil moisture. The system achieved a 27.58% reduction in water use, a 58.82% decrease in fertilizer consumption, and a 47.5% increase in tomato yield, demonstrating high precision and effectiveness.

Objective

• To develop and validate a fuzzy logic-based algorithm for optimizing bio-fertigation in a tomato greenhouse by simultaneously managing internal air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and soil moisture, using biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture.

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: A glass greenhouse model measuring 0.8 m × 0.4 m × 0.4 m.
• Temporal Scale: A spring season (May 14–22) during 2023/2024.

Methodology and Data

• Models used: Fuzzy logic (Mamdani model) implemented in MATLAB.
• Data sources: Real-time sensor data from DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, soil moisture sensor, HY-SRF05 ultrasonic sensor, and PH-4502C pH sensor. Fuzzy rules were formulated based on expert knowledge from local farmers, agronomists, and greenhouse technicians.

Main Results

• The fuzzy logic-based system successfully maintained internal air temperature, humidity, soil pH, and soil moisture within optimal thresholds for tomato plants (Temperature: 15-25 °C, Humidity: 60-70%, Soil pH: 6-6.8, Soil moisture: 70-80%).
• Water usage was reduced by 27.58% (from 5800 L/ha to 4200 L/ha).
• Fertilizer consumption decreased by 58.82% (from 255 kg/ha to 105 kg/ha).
• Tomato crop yield increased by 47.5% (from 4000 kg/ha to 5900 kg/ha).
• Statistical error metrics (Mean Absolute Error, Mean Squared Error, Root Mean Squared Error, and Mean Absolute Percentage Error) for controlled parameters were reduced to zero, confirming high precision and effectiveness.
• An optimal pH range of 6–6.84 for tomato plants was achieved by adding 4% (0.02 L to 0.5 L) of liquid organic fertilizer to water.

Contributions

• Developed an integrated fuzzy logic control system that simultaneously manages four key greenhouse parameters (temperature, humidity, soil pH, soil moisture) and controls five actuators (fan, heater, irrigation pump, fertilization pump, fertigation pump).
• Utilized biofertilizers for bio-fertigation, promoting an environmentally sustainable approach compared to traditional chemical fertilizers.
• Demonstrated significant improvements in resource efficiency (water and fertilizer) and crop yield in an arid region context (southern Algeria).
• Achieved zero statistical error for controlled parameters, validating the system's high accuracy and reliability.

Funding

This work was not supported by any funding source.

Citation

@article{Touhami2025Development,
  author = {Touhami, Achouak and Bourouis, Amina and Mahammedi, Amel and Mechraoui, Sana and Sana, Touhami},
  title = {Development of a fuzzy logic-based greenhouse system for optimizing bio-fertigation},
  journal = {International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems/International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4555-4568},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i5.pp4555-4568}
}