El-Basir et al. (2025) Developing Rainfall Spatial Distribution for Using Geostatistical Gap-Filled Terrestrial Gauge Records in the Mountainous Region of Oman

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Identification

• Journal: Water
• Year: 2025
• Date: 2025-09-12
• Authors: Mahmoud A. Abd El-Basir, Yasser Hamed, Tarek Selim, Ronny Berndtsson, Ahmed M. Helmi
• DOI: 10.3390/w17182695

Research Groups

Not explicitly stated in the paper.

Short Summary

This study assesses and applies geospatial interpolation techniques to fill rainfall data gaps in the arid mountainous region of northern Oman, aiming to provide continuous records for flood mitigation and water resource management. It found that geostatistical interpolation techniques were superior for generating spatial distributions of maximum and total yearly precipitation, enabling the calculation of extreme precipitation return periods.

Objective

• To thoroughly assess and apply geospatial interpolation techniques to provide accurate and continuous rainfall records with no gaps in the mountainous region of northern Oman.
• To generate spatial distributions of annual maxima and total yearly precipitation and calculate maximum annual precipitation values for various return periods (2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years) using gap-filled rain gauge datasets.

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: Northern Oman, approximately 50,000 square kilometers.
• Temporal Scale: 1975 to 2009 (35 years).

Methodology and Data

• Models used: 51 geospatial interpolation techniques (including geostatistical and deterministic methods) were evaluated. Gamma, normal, and extreme value families of probability density functions (PDFs) were used to fit gap-filled datasets.
• Data sources: Data from 279 rain gauges.

Main Results

• Geostatistical interpolation techniques outperformed deterministic interpolation techniques in generating the spatial distribution of maximum and total yearly precipitation records over the study area.
• Maximum annual precipitation values for return periods of 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years were successfully generated for each rain gauge.

Contributions

• Comprehensive assessment of 51 geospatial interpolation techniques for rainfall gap-filling in an arid mountainous region, addressing a critical need for continuous hydrological data.
• Generation of a 35-year continuous, gap-filled rainfall dataset and spatial distribution maps for northern Oman.
• Calculation of extreme precipitation return periods, providing essential information for flood protection and water resource management in a vulnerable region.

Funding

Not explicitly stated in the paper.

Citation

@article{ElBasir2025Developing,
  author = {El-Basir, Mahmoud A. Abd and Hamed, Yasser and Selim, Tarek and Berndtsson, Ronny and Helmi, Ahmed M.},
  title = {Developing Rainfall Spatial Distribution for Using Geostatistical Gap-Filled Terrestrial Gauge Records in the Mountainous Region of Oman},
  journal = {Water},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.3390/w17182695},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/w17182695}
}