Cao et al. (2026) A Multi-Input Multi-Output Mapping Model for Multi-Reservoir Joint Operation Based on SSA-Optimized CNN-BiLSTM

⚠️ Warning: This summary was generated from the abstract only, as the full text was not available.

Identification

• Journal: Water
• Year: 2026
• Date: 2026-09-22
• Authors: Minglin Cao, Tianyu Chen, Fangyu Deng, Pin Wang, Chunfeng Gu
• DOI: 10.3390/w18192365

Research Groups

• Department of Water Resources Engineering, Tsinghua University
• Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences

Short Summary

This study presents an end-to-end model for multi-reservoir joint operation that maps state variables to allocated water using a combination of CNN, BiLSTM, and SSA. The model achieved high accuracy in predicting water allocations for the Hongze Lake–Luoma Lake–Yangtze Diversion system.

Objective

• Develop an accurate and efficient model for multi-reservoir joint operation

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: Regional scale (Hongze Lake–Luoma Lake–Yangtze Diversion system)
• Temporal Scale: Monthly time step

Methodology and Data

• Models used:
  • One-dimensional convolutional neural network (CNN)
  • Bidirectional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM)
  • Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA)
• Data sources:
  • Monthly operation records of the Hongze Lake–Luoma Lake–Yangtze Diversion system

Main Results

• Average R2 of 0.8637 and average MAPE of 20.61% on the held-out test period
• Per-output test R2 values:
  • 0.9403 (Hongze Lake supply)
  • 0.8114 (Luoma Lake supply)
  • 0.8393 (Yangtze diversion supply)

Contributions

• The study provides a novel end-to-end model for multi-reservoir joint operation, improving upon existing methods by achieving higher accuracy and efficiency.
• The model's ability to capture local coupling features and temporal dependencies enhances its predictive capabilities.

Funding

• This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51909258)

Citation

@article{Cao2026MultiInput,
  author = {Cao, Minglin and Chen, Tianyu and Deng, Fangyu and Wang, Pin and Gu, Chunfeng},
  title = {A Multi-Input Multi-Output Mapping Model for Multi-Reservoir Joint Operation Based on SSA-Optimized CNN-BiLSTM},
  journal = {Water},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.3390/w18192365},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/w18192365}
}