Jo et al. (2026) Implementation of the Generalized Double-Moment scaling Normalization method for raindrop size distribution in a WRF 4.3.1 bulk-type cloud microphysics scheme: a case study over the Korean Peninsula

Identification

• Journal: Geoscientific model development
• Year: 2026
• Date: 2026-09-02
• Authors: Joonghyun Jo, Kyo‐Sun Sunny Lim, Sun-Young Park, Juhee Kwon, Wonbae Bang, Hyang Suk Park, Jae-Young Byon, Hyun‐Suk Kang, Gyuwon Lee
• DOI: 10.5194/gmd-19-8149-2026

Research Groups

• National Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Korea Meteorological Administration, Seogwipo, Republic of Korea
• School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
• Climate Prediction Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
• BK21 Weather Extremes Education & Research Team, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Center for Atmospheric REmote sensing (CARE), Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea

Short Summary

This study presents the first implementation of the Generalized Double-Moment scaling Normalization method for raindrop size distribution in a WRF 4.3.1 bulk-type cloud microphysics scheme and evaluates its impacts on an isolated summer convection event over the Korean Peninsula.

Objective

• To evaluate the applicability of the GDMN method for representing the DSD in a bulk-type cloud microphysics scheme

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: Regional scale (Korean Peninsula)
• Temporal Scale: Hourly to daily time scales

Methodology and Data

• Models used: WRF 4.3.1, WDM6-GDMN
• Data sources: Radar observations from Kwanaksan and Gwangdeuksan sites, Automatic Weather Station (AWS) network data

Main Results

• The GDMN method improves the simulation of precipitation movement and intensity over the Korean Peninsula.
• The modified scheme, WDM6-GDMN, reproduces the observed movement of two distinct convection cells more accurately than the original WDM6 scheme.
• The spatial distribution of accumulated surface precipitation is improved with GDMN, reducing bias relative to AWS observations.

Contributions

• This study introduces a new approach for representing raindrop size distribution in bulk-type cloud microphysics schemes using the Generalized Double-Moment scaling Normalization method.
• The results demonstrate the potential of the GDMN method to improve the simulation of precipitation processes over complex terrain.

Funding

• Not specified

Citation

@article{Jo2026Implementation,
  author = {Jo, Joonghyun and Lim, Kyo‐Sun Sunny and Park, Sun-Young and Kwon, Juhee and Bang, Wonbae and Park, Hyang Suk and Byon, Jae-Young and Kang, Hyun‐Suk and Lee, Gyuwon},
  title = {Implementation of the Generalized Double-Moment scaling Normalization method for raindrop size distribution in a WRF 4.3.1 bulk-type cloud microphysics scheme: a case study over the Korean Peninsula},
  journal = {Geoscientific model development},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.5194/gmd-19-8149-2026},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-19-8149-2026}
}