Olsson et al. (2026) Characteristics of extreme snowfall–wind-gust events in Finland (1960–2024): frequency, duration, and intensity

Identification

• Journal: Natural hazards and earth system sciences
• Year: 2026
• Date: 2026-09-29
• Authors: Taru Olsson, Terhi Kristiina Laurila, Ari Aaltonen, Kirsti Jylhä
• DOI: 10.5194/nhess-26-4621-2026

Research Groups

• Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI)
• University of Helsinki

Short Summary

This study analyzed the frequency, duration, and intensity of extreme snowfall-wind-gust events in Finland from 1960 to 2024. The results show that these compound events are more frequent along coastal regions and eastern Finland.

Objective

• Investigate the characteristics of extreme snowfall-wind-gust events in Finland
• Analyze the frequency, duration, and intensity of these events

Study Configuration

• Spatial Scale: Finland (55-70° N, 17-32° E)
• Temporal Scale: October to March, 1960-2024

Methodology and Data

• Models used: ERA5 reanalysis data
• Data sources: Hourly wind gust and snowfall data from ERA5 and weather station observations

Main Results

• Compound events were most frequent along coastal regions and eastern Finland
• The annual number of compound event days varied significantly from year to year, ranging from 0 to 19 d yr-1
• Short-lived ( < 5 h) compound events dominated, with 1 h events being the most common
• Long-lasting ( > 12 h) compound events were rare, but had a significant impact on infrastructure

Contributions

• This study provides quantitative evidence on the frequency and temporal characteristics of extreme snowfall-wind-gust events in Finland
• The results can be used to improve risk assessment frameworks and support societal preparedness for severe winter weather

Funding

• Not specified

Citation

@article{Olsson2026Characteristics,
  author = {Olsson, Taru and Laurila, Terhi Kristiina and Aaltonen, Ari and Jylhä, Kirsti},
  title = {Characteristics of extreme snowfall–wind-gust events in Finland (1960–2024): frequency, duration, and intensity},
  journal = {Natural hazards and earth system sciences},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.5194/nhess-26-4621-2026},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-26-4621-2026}
}